Big Idea 1: The chemical elements are fundamental building materials of matter, and all matter can be understood in terms of arrangements of atoms. These atoms retain their identity in chemical reactions.
Enduring Understanding
1.A: All matter is made of atoms. There are a limited number of types of atoms: these are the elements.
1.B: The atoms of each element have unique structures arising from interactions between electrons and nuclei.
1.C: Elements display periodicity in their properties when the elements are organized accoring to increasing atomic number. This periodicity can be explained by the regualar variations that occur in the electronic structure of atoms. Periodicity is a useful prinicple for understanding properties and predicting trends in properties. Its modern-day uses range from examining the composition of materials to generating ideas for designing new materials.
1.D: Atoms are so small that they are difficult to study directly; atomic models are constructed to explain experimental data on collections of atoms.
l.E: Atoms are conserved in physical and chemical processes.
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